{
 "public_id": "AIR-2026-0172",
 "incident_id": "2026-07-noma-rufroot-ruflo",
 "date_disclosed": "2026-07-29",
 "date_occurred": null,
 "title": "RufRoot: unauthenticated MCP bridge in Ruflo gives full RCE from a single HTTP request",
 "class": "responsible_disclosure",
 "attack_surface": "agent_framework",
 "initial_vector": "unauthenticated_network_request",
 "agent_capability_abused": [
  "shell_command_execution",
  "mcp_bridge",
  "persistent_ai_memory"
 ],
 "target_product": "Ruflo (open-source agent meta-harness, ~66k GitHub stars)",
 "target_vendor": "Ruflo",
 "autonomy_level": "fully_autonomous",
 "impact_realized": false,
 "impact_type": [
  "remote_code_execution",
  "credential_theft",
  "memory_poisoning",
  "data_exfiltration"
 ],
 "blast_radius": "Default Ruflo deployments exposed on the network",
 "cve": [
  "CVE-2026-59726"
 ],
 "taxonomy": {
  "owasp_asi": [
   "ASI04",
   "ASI06",
   "ASI05",
   "ASI03"
  ],
  "mitre_atlas": [],
  "labels": [
   "insecure_defaults",
   "mcp",
   "rce",
   "memory_poisoning"
  ]
 },
 "defense_present": null,
 "defense_bypassed": true,
 "fix_shipped": "Ruflo shipped a locked-down default requiring explicit authentication within 24 hours",
 "primary_sources": [
  "https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/noma-labs-discovers-critical-vulnerability-in-widely-adopted-open-source-ai-agent-platform-ruflo-302837494.html"
 ],
 "verified_quote": "A single HTTP request was enough to gain full remote code execution inside a Ruflo deployment.",
 "confidence": "high",
 "notes": "CVSS 10.0. Disclosed 2026-06-30 with a PoC confirmed against a live default deployment. Primary source is Noma's own press release (the noma.security blog post is not used as the source here). Noma highlights persistent-memory tampering as the durable harm.",
 "risk_category": "security_fraud",
 "risk_secondary": [
  "privacy"
 ],
 "risk_subcategory": "Credential & Secret Theft",
 "risk_sub_secondary": [
  "Remote Code Execution & Sandbox Escape"
 ],
 "ai_entity": "generative",
 "agency": "ai_as_target",
 "agency_debatable": false,
 "agency_reason": "an unauthenticated MCP bridge gives RCE from one HTTP request",
 "vector_family": "conventional_vulnerability",
 "vector_detail": "unauthenticated_network_request",
 "guardrail_kind": [
  "unknown"
 ],
 "guardrail_outcome": "silent",
 "xrefs": {
  "aiid": [],
  "atlas": [],
  "cve": [
   "CVE-2026-59726"
  ],
  "ghsa": []
 },
 "primary_asi": "ASI04",
 "agent_framework": "mcp_server",
 "model_provider": "meta",
 "model_name": "",
 "detection_mechanism": "unknown",
 "tool_access": "unknown",
 "financial_loss_band": "unknown",
 "eai_category": "credential_theft",
 "eai_domain": "access_control_and_permissions",
 "eai_secondary": [
  "data_and_memory_poisoning",
  "privilege_escalation",
  "data_exfiltration_channels"
 ],
 "eai_reason": "subcategory: Credential & Secret Theft",
 "asi_curated": [
  "ASI04"
 ],
 "asi_scope": "in_scope",
 "asi_provenance": "curated_plus_rule",
 "asi_reason": "curated: ASI04 | added ASI06 (signal=memory), ASI05 (impact=code_exec), ASI03 (eai_category=credential_theft)",
 "submitted_by": "EAI Internal"
}