{
 "public_id": "AIR-2026-0095",
 "incident_id": "2026-04-tencent-zhuque-50k-skill-scan",
 "date_disclosed": "2026-04-24",
 "date_occurred": null,
 "title": "Tencent Zhuque Lab scans 50,000+ ClawHub skills: encoded backdoors, ranking manipulation, and typosquatting persist after ClawHavoc",
 "class": "in_the_wild",
 "attack_surface": "skill_plugin",
 "initial_vector": "malicious_skill_published_to_open_marketplace",
 "agent_capability_abused": [
  "file_read",
  "file_write",
  "network_egress",
  "shell_execution"
 ],
 "target_product": "ClawHub (OpenClaw skill marketplace)",
 "target_vendor": "OpenClaw / ClawHub",
 "autonomy_level": "semi_autonomous",
 "impact_realized": true,
 "impact_type": [
  "credential_theft",
  "data_exfiltration",
  "remote_control"
 ],
 "blast_radius": "50,000+ skills scanned; ClawHavoc alone counted at 1,184 malicious skills with 247,693 installations",
 "cve": [],
 "taxonomy": {
  "owasp_asi": [
   "ASI05",
   "ASI06",
   "ASI04"
  ],
  "mitre_atlas": [],
  "labels": [
   "skill_marketplace",
   "obfuscation",
   "ranking_manipulation",
   "typosquatting",
   "insecure_deserialization"
  ]
 },
 "defense_present": "marketplace scanning introduced after ClawHavoc",
 "defense_bypassed": true,
 "fix_shipped": "ongoing marketplace remediation",
 "primary_sources": [
  "https://matrix.tencent.com/en/2026/04/24/we-scanned-50000-skills-the-threat-persists"
 ],
 "verified_quote": "Malicious skills are being replaced by newer ones, and the battle between attackers and platform security mechanisms has begun.",
 "confidence": "high",
 "notes": "Techniques catalogued: multi-layer encoding (Base64, ROT13, Morse) plus insecure deserialization for remote-control backdoors; ranking manipulation to get malicious skills auto-installed by autonomous agents; typosquatting of popular tools with two-stage delivery (Markdown instructions plus embedded shell scripts). Reports 25% of skills can read and write files.",
 "risk_category": "security_fraud",
 "risk_secondary": [
  "privacy"
 ],
 "risk_subcategory": "Supply Chain Compromise",
 "risk_sub_secondary": [
  "Credential & Secret Theft"
 ],
 "ai_entity": "generative",
 "agency": "agent_acted",
 "agency_debatable": true,
 "agency_reason": "agents install and run the backdoored skills scanned in this study",
 "vector_family": "malicious_component",
 "vector_detail": "malicious_skill_published_to_open_marketplace",
 "guardrail_kind": [
  "unknown"
 ],
 "guardrail_outcome": "silent",
 "xrefs": {
  "aiid": [],
  "atlas": [],
  "cve": [],
  "ghsa": []
 },
 "primary_asi": "ASI05",
 "agent_framework": "unknown",
 "model_provider": "unknown",
 "model_name": "",
 "detection_mechanism": "unknown",
 "tool_access": "unknown",
 "financial_loss_band": "unknown",
 "eai_category": "supply_chain_vulnerabilities",
 "eai_domain": "tool_misuse",
 "eai_secondary": [
  "credential_theft",
  "privilege_escalation",
  "data_exfiltration_channels"
 ],
 "eai_reason": "subcategory: Supply Chain Compromise",
 "asi_curated": [
  "ASI05",
  "ASI06"
 ],
 "asi_scope": "in_scope",
 "asi_provenance": "curated_plus_rule",
 "asi_reason": "curated: ASI05,ASI06 | added ASI04 (vector_family=malicious_component)",
 "submitted_by": "EAI Internal"
}