{
 "public_id": "AIR-2026-0020",
 "incident_id": "2026-01-zoox-parked-car-door-collision",
 "date_disclosed": "2026-01-28",
 "date_occurred": "2026-01-17",
 "title": "A Zoox robotaxi hit the opening driver's door of a parked Cadillac in San Francisco, injuring the man's hand",
 "class": "safety_failure",
 "attack_surface": "autonomous_ops",
 "initial_vector": "none_autonomous_action",
 "agent_capability_abused": [
  "autonomous_driving",
  "dynamic_obstacle_response",
  "lateral_clearance"
 ],
 "target_product": "Zoox robotaxi",
 "target_vendor": "Zoox (Amazon)",
 "autonomy_level": "fully_autonomous",
 "impact_realized": true,
 "impact_type": [
  "physical_safety",
  "property_damage"
 ],
 "blast_radius": "one injured person at 15th and Mission Streets; SFPD investigation and California DMV review",
 "cve": [],
 "taxonomy": {
  "owasp_asi": [],
  "mitre_atlas": [],
  "labels": [
   "no_adversary",
   "dooring",
   "reaction_time",
   "physical_world",
   "regulatory_review"
  ]
 },
 "defense_present": "obstacle detection and avoidance",
 "defense_bypassed": true,
 "fix_shipped": "none disclosed",
 "primary_sources": [
  "https://techcrunch.com/2026/01/28/san-francisco-police-department-investigating-zoox-collision-with-a-parked-car/",
  "https://incidentdatabase.ai/cite/1540"
 ],
 "verified_quote": "Durden's hand was reportedly smashed during the crash, and the Zoox vehicle suffered damage to its gla",
 "confidence": "high",
 "notes": "Zoox says the door opened suddenly and the vehicle detected it and tried to avoid contact — plausible, and also the crux: detection that arrives too late to change the outcome is indistinguishable from no detection. Named victim Jamel Durden, street ambassador. First reported by Mission Local. AI Incident Database incident 1540.",
 "risk_category": "safety_harm",
 "risk_secondary": [
  "reliability",
  "legal_ip"
 ],
 "risk_subcategory": "Physical Injury by Autonomous Action",
 "risk_sub_secondary": [],
 "ai_entity": "non_generative_autonomy",
 "agency": "agent_acted",
 "agency_debatable": false,
 "agency_reason": "the robotaxi struck the opening door and injured the man's hand",
 "vector_family": "none_autonomous",
 "vector_detail": "none_autonomous_action",
 "guardrail_kind": [
  "physical_safety_system"
 ],
 "guardrail_outcome": "silent",
 "xrefs": {
  "aiid": [
   1540
  ],
  "atlas": [],
  "cve": [],
  "ghsa": []
 },
 "primary_asi": "none",
 "agent_framework": "robotaxi_stack",
 "model_provider": "none",
 "model_name": "",
 "detection_mechanism": "unknown",
 "tool_access": "unknown",
 "financial_loss_band": "unknown",
 "eai_category": "unsafe_actuation",
 "eai_domain": "agent_behaviour",
 "eai_secondary": [],
 "eai_reason": "subcategory: Physical Injury by Autonomous Action",
 "asi_curated": [],
 "asi_scope": "out_of_scope",
 "asi_provenance": "out_of_scope",
 "asi_reason": "out of scope: non_generative_autonomy: no ASI mechanism describes the failure",
 "submitted_by": "EAI Internal"
}