{
 "public_id": "AIR-2025-0198",
 "incident_id": "2025-08-zoox-centre-line-crossing-recall",
 "date_disclosed": "2025-12-23",
 "date_occurred": "2025-08-26",
 "title": "Zoox recalled 332 robotaxis after finding 62 instances of vehicles crossing the yellow centre line into oncoming traffic near intersections",
 "class": "safety_failure",
 "attack_surface": "autonomous_ops",
 "initial_vector": "none_autonomous_action",
 "agent_capability_abused": [
  "autonomous_driving",
  "turn_planning"
 ],
 "target_product": "Zoox automated driving system",
 "target_vendor": "Zoox (Amazon)",
 "autonomy_level": "fully_autonomous",
 "impact_realized": false,
 "impact_type": [
  "physical_safety"
 ],
 "blast_radius": "332 vehicles recalled; 62 identified lane-crossing instances in San Francisco and Las Vegas service areas; no collisions",
 "cve": [],
 "taxonomy": {
  "owasp_asi": [
   "ASI08"
  ],
  "mitre_atlas": [],
  "labels": [
   "no_adversary",
   "software_recall",
   "systematic_behaviour",
   "near_miss",
   "self_reported"
  ]
 },
 "defense_present": "lane-keeping and turn planning",
 "defense_bypassed": true,
 "fix_shipped": "voluntary NHTSA software recall (25E090) shipped as an over-the-air update",
 "primary_sources": [
  "https://techcrunch.com/2025/12/23/zoox-issues-software-recall-over-lane-crossings/",
  "https://incidentdatabase.ai/cite/1539"
 ],
 "verified_quote": "The company opened an investigation after a Zoox robotaxi made a wide right turn in late August, crossed partially into the opposing travel lane, and temporarily stopped in front of the oncoming travel lane.",
 "confidence": "high",
 "notes": "impact_realized false — no collision occurred. Included because of what the investigation found: one observed event led to 62 instances of the same behaviour across the fleet. A single agent's odd manoeuvre is a policy defect every sibling shares, which is why fleet-wide auditing after any one incident is the only sound response. AI Incident Database incident 1539.",
 "risk_category": "safety_harm",
 "risk_secondary": [],
 "risk_subcategory": "Physical Injury by Autonomous Action",
 "risk_sub_secondary": [],
 "ai_entity": "non_generative_autonomy",
 "agency": "agent_acted",
 "agency_debatable": false,
 "agency_reason": "62 vehicles crossed the centre line into oncoming traffic",
 "vector_family": "none_autonomous",
 "vector_detail": "none_autonomous_action",
 "guardrail_kind": [
  "unknown"
 ],
 "guardrail_outcome": "silent",
 "xrefs": {
  "aiid": [
   1539
  ],
  "atlas": [],
  "cve": [],
  "ghsa": []
 },
 "primary_asi": "ASI08",
 "agent_framework": "robotaxi_stack",
 "model_provider": "none",
 "model_name": "",
 "detection_mechanism": "unknown",
 "tool_access": "unknown",
 "financial_loss_band": "unknown",
 "eai_category": "unsafe_actuation",
 "eai_domain": "agent_behaviour",
 "eai_secondary": [],
 "eai_reason": "subcategory: Physical Injury by Autonomous Action",
 "asi_curated": [],
 "asi_scope": "in_scope",
 "asi_provenance": "rule",
 "asi_reason": "ASI08 (fleet fan-out in a non-generative stack; other mechanisms out of scope)",
 "submitted_by": "EAI Internal"
}