{
 "public_id": "AIR-2025-0172",
 "incident_id": "2025-11-langgraph-jsonplusserializer-rce",
 "date_disclosed": "2025-11-05",
 "date_occurred": null,
 "title": "CVE-2025-64439: RCE in LangGraph's default checkpoint serializer (JsonPlusSerializer json mode)",
 "class": "responsible_disclosure",
 "attack_surface": "memory_store",
 "initial_vector": "attacker_persisted_checkpoint_payload",
 "agent_capability_abused": [
  "agent_state_persistence",
  "checkpoint_deserialization"
 ],
 "target_product": "langgraph-checkpoint",
 "target_vendor": "LangChain Inc.",
 "autonomy_level": "semi_autonomous",
 "impact_realized": false,
 "impact_type": [
  "remote_code_execution"
 ],
 "blast_radius": "all LangGraph deployments using langgraph-checkpoint < 3.0.0 with the json serialization mode",
 "cve": [
  "CVE-2025-64439"
 ],
 "taxonomy": {
  "owasp_asi": [
   "ASI05"
  ],
  "mitre_atlas": [],
  "labels": [
   "unsafe_deserialization",
   "agent_memory",
   "default_configuration"
  ]
 },
 "defense_present": "none in json mode",
 "defense_bypassed": true,
 "fix_shipped": "langgraph-checkpoint 3.0.0",
 "primary_sources": [
  "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-wwqv-p2pp-99h5"
 ],
 "verified_quote": "LangGraph's `JsonPlusSerializer` (used as the default serialization protocol for all checkpointing) contains a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability when deserializing payloads saved in the `\"json\"` serialization mode.",
 "confidence": "high",
 "notes": "GHSA-wwqv-p2pp-99h5, CVSS 7.4 High, published 2025-11-05. Distinct from the June 2026 Check Point checkpointer chain. A later related advisory GHSA-fjqc-hq36-qh5p (CVE-2026-48775, 'Unsafe JSON deserialization in checkpoint loading') covers the same component.",
 "risk_category": "security_fraud",
 "risk_secondary": [],
 "risk_subcategory": "Remote Code Execution & Sandbox Escape",
 "risk_sub_secondary": [
  "Persistence & Covert C2"
 ],
 "ai_entity": "generative",
 "agency": "ai_as_target",
 "agency_debatable": false,
 "agency_reason": "unsafe deserialization in LangGraph's default checkpoint serializer",
 "vector_family": "other",
 "vector_detail": "attacker_persisted_checkpoint_payload",
 "guardrail_kind": [
  "none"
 ],
 "guardrail_outcome": "not_applicable",
 "xrefs": {
  "aiid": [],
  "atlas": [],
  "cve": [
   "CVE-2025-64439"
  ],
  "ghsa": []
 },
 "primary_asi": "ASI05",
 "agent_framework": "langchain",
 "model_provider": "unknown",
 "model_name": "",
 "detection_mechanism": "unknown",
 "tool_access": "unknown",
 "financial_loss_band": "unknown",
 "eai_category": "privilege_escalation",
 "eai_domain": "access_control_and_permissions",
 "eai_secondary": [],
 "eai_reason": "subcategory: Remote Code Execution & Sandbox Escape",
 "asi_curated": [],
 "asi_scope": "in_scope",
 "asi_provenance": "rule",
 "asi_reason": "ASI05 (impact=code_exec)",
 "submitted_by": "EAI Internal"
}