{
 "public_id": "AIR-2025-0127",
 "incident_id": "2025-08-windsurf-mcp-no-approval",
 "date_disclosed": "2025-08-28",
 "date_occurred": null,
 "title": "Windsurf MCP integration invokes tools with no human in the loop by default",
 "class": "responsible_disclosure",
 "attack_surface": "coding_agent",
 "initial_vector": "indirect_prompt_injection_source_code",
 "agent_capability_abused": [
  "mcp_tool_invocation"
 ],
 "target_product": "Windsurf (Cascade) MCP integration",
 "target_vendor": "Windsurf / Codeium",
 "autonomy_level": "semi_autonomous",
 "impact_realized": false,
 "impact_type": [
  "unauthorized_action",
  "data_exfiltration"
 ],
 "blast_radius": "Windsurf users with MCP servers configured",
 "cve": [],
 "taxonomy": {
  "owasp_asi": [
   "ASI01",
   "ASI02"
  ],
  "mitre_atlas": [],
  "labels": [
   "insecure_defaults",
   "missing_approval",
   "yolo_mode",
   "mcp"
  ]
 },
 "defense_present": "none by default",
 "defense_bypassed": true,
 "fix_shipped": "reported 2025-05-30; unfixed at publication, Windsurf CEO said they are working on fixes",
 "primary_sources": [
  "https://embracethered.com/blog/posts/2025/windsurf-dangers-lack-of-security-controls-for-mcp-server-tool-invocation/"
 ],
 "verified_quote": "After a default installation I was surprised that after adding an MCP server, any tool invocations are total YOLO mode - without a human-in-the-loop by default.",
 "confidence": "high",
 "notes": "Part of the Month of AI Bugs, August 2025.",
 "risk_category": "security_fraud",
 "risk_secondary": [
  "privacy"
 ],
 "risk_subcategory": "Tool & Function Call Extraction / Abuse",
 "risk_sub_secondary": [
  "Prompt Injection"
 ],
 "ai_entity": "generative",
 "agency": "agent_acted",
 "agency_debatable": false,
 "agency_reason": "Windsurf invoked MCP tools with no human in the loop",
 "vector_family": "indirect_prompt_injection",
 "vector_detail": "indirect_prompt_injection_source_code",
 "guardrail_kind": [
  "none"
 ],
 "guardrail_outcome": "not_applicable",
 "xrefs": {
  "aiid": [],
  "atlas": [],
  "cve": [],
  "ghsa": []
 },
 "primary_asi": "ASI01",
 "agent_framework": "unknown",
 "model_provider": "unknown",
 "model_name": "",
 "detection_mechanism": "external_researcher",
 "tool_access": "unknown",
 "financial_loss_band": "unknown",
 "eai_category": "unsafe_actuation",
 "eai_domain": "agent_behaviour",
 "eai_secondary": [
  "data_exfiltration_channels",
  "confused_deputy"
 ],
 "eai_reason": "impact rule: unsafe_actuation",
 "asi_curated": [
  "ASI01"
 ],
 "asi_scope": "in_scope",
 "asi_provenance": "curated_plus_rule",
 "asi_reason": "curated: ASI01 | added ASI02 (impact=tool_misuse)",
 "submitted_by": "EAI Internal"
}