{
 "public_id": "AIR-2025-0007",
 "incident_id": "2025-02-google-gemini-memory-persistence",
 "date_disclosed": "2025-02-10",
 "date_occurred": null,
 "title": "Hacking Gemini's memory with prompt injection and delayed tool invocation",
 "class": "responsible_disclosure",
 "attack_surface": "consumer_chatbot",
 "initial_vector": "indirect_prompt_injection_document",
 "agent_capability_abused": [
  "memory_write",
  "delayed_tool_invocation"
 ],
 "target_product": "Google Gemini (Advanced)",
 "target_vendor": "Google",
 "autonomy_level": "assistant",
 "impact_realized": false,
 "impact_type": [
  "persistent_memory_poisoning",
  "integrity_violation"
 ],
 "blast_radius": "Gemini Advanced users with saved-info memory",
 "cve": [],
 "taxonomy": {
  "owasp_asi": [
   "ASI01",
   "ASI06"
  ],
  "mitre_atlas": [],
  "labels": [
   "memory_poisoning",
   "delayed_tool_invocation",
   "context_pollution"
  ]
 },
 "defense_present": "Gemini mitigation limiting tool invocation to the same turn as untrusted data",
 "defense_bypassed": true,
 "fix_shipped": "not fixed at publication; Google assessed it as abuse-related with low likelihood and low impact. Reported December 2024",
 "primary_sources": [
  "https://embracethered.com/blog/posts/2025/gemini-memory-persistence-prompt-injection/"
 ],
 "verified_quote": "Delayed Tool Invocation just means that the attacker 'pollutes' the chat context with instructions and a trigger action.",
 "confidence": "high",
 "notes": "Delayed tool invocation is Rehberger's general bypass for same-turn tool-call mitigations.",
 "risk_category": "security_fraud",
 "risk_secondary": [],
 "risk_subcategory": "Prompt Injection",
 "risk_sub_secondary": [],
 "risk_override_reason": "injected content wrote durable false memories that survived the session",
 "ai_entity": "generative",
 "agency": "agent_acted",
 "agency_debatable": false,
 "agency_reason": "Gemini wrote the poisoned memory and invoked tools later",
 "vector_family": "indirect_prompt_injection",
 "vector_detail": "indirect_prompt_injection_document",
 "guardrail_kind": [
  "permission_scope"
 ],
 "guardrail_outcome": "silent",
 "xrefs": {
  "aiid": [],
  "atlas": [],
  "cve": [],
  "ghsa": []
 },
 "primary_asi": "ASI01",
 "agent_framework": "unknown",
 "model_provider": "google",
 "model_name": "",
 "detection_mechanism": "external_researcher",
 "tool_access": "unknown",
 "financial_loss_band": "unknown",
 "eai_category": "data_and_memory_poisoning",
 "eai_domain": "reliability_and_observability",
 "eai_secondary": [
  "confused_deputy"
 ],
 "eai_reason": "impact rule: data_and_memory_poisoning",
 "asi_curated": [
  "ASI01"
 ],
 "asi_scope": "in_scope",
 "asi_provenance": "curated_plus_rule",
 "asi_reason": "curated: ASI01 | added ASI06 (eai_category=data_and_memory_poisoning)",
 "submitted_by": "EAI Internal"
}