{
 "public_id": "AIR-2024-0029",
 "incident_id": "2024-08-microsoft-copilot-financial-hijack",
 "date_disclosed": "2024-08-08",
 "date_occurred": "2024-08-08",
 "title": "Financial transaction hijacking with M365 Copilot as an insider (Zenity Black Hat red team)",
 "class": "research_demo",
 "attack_surface": "enterprise_assistant",
 "initial_vector": "indirect_prompt_injection_email",
 "agent_capability_abused": [
  "retrieval",
  "auto_context_ingestion",
  "citation_rendering"
 ],
 "target_product": "Microsoft 365 Copilot",
 "target_vendor": "Microsoft",
 "autonomy_level": "assistant",
 "impact_realized": false,
 "impact_type": [
  "fraud",
  "integrity_violation"
 ],
 "blast_radius": "M365 Copilot tenants whose users act on Copilot-surfaced banking details",
 "cve": [],
 "taxonomy": {
  "owasp_asi": [
   "ASI01",
   "ASI06",
   "ASI03"
  ],
  "mitre_atlas": [
   "AML.CS0026"
  ],
  "labels": [
   "rag_poisoning",
   "reference_spoofing",
   "business_email_compromise"
  ]
 },
 "defense_present": "Copilot enterprise search grounding",
 "defense_bypassed": true,
 "fix_shipped": null,
 "primary_sources": [
  "https://www.theregister.com/2024/08/08/copilot_black_hat_vulns/",
  "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-atlas/atlas-data/main/dist/v6/ATLAS-2026.07.yaml"
 ],
 "verified_quote": "“It's actually very difficult to create a [Copilot Studio] bot that is safe,” Bargury told The Register in an interview ahead of conference talks, “because all of the defaults are insecure.”",
 "confidence": "medium",
 "notes": "Michael Bargury / Zenity, Black Hat USA 2024. Primary Zenity artifacts are a video and X thread; The Register coverage used as the source of record. Related to but distinct from the LOLCopilot phishing demo (see 2024-08-microsoft-copilot-lolcopilot).",
 "risk_category": "security_fraud",
 "risk_secondary": [],
 "risk_subcategory": "Unauthorized financial commitment",
 "risk_sub_secondary": [],
 "risk_override_reason": "red team steered Copilot into altering banking details on a real transaction path",
 "ai_entity": "generative",
 "agency": "agent_acted",
 "agency_debatable": false,
 "agency_reason": "Copilot was driven to alter a real financial transaction",
 "vector_family": "indirect_prompt_injection",
 "vector_detail": "indirect_prompt_injection_email",
 "guardrail_kind": [
  "unknown"
 ],
 "guardrail_outcome": "silent",
 "xrefs": {
  "aiid": [],
  "atlas": [
   "AML.CS0026"
  ],
  "cve": [],
  "ghsa": []
 },
 "primary_asi": "ASI01",
 "agent_framework": "m365_copilot",
 "model_provider": "microsoft",
 "model_name": "",
 "detection_mechanism": "external_researcher",
 "tool_access": "unknown",
 "financial_loss_band": "unknown",
 "eai_category": "unsafe_actuation",
 "eai_domain": "agent_behaviour",
 "eai_secondary": [
  "confused_deputy",
  "data_and_memory_poisoning"
 ],
 "eai_reason": "subcategory: Unauthorized financial commitment",
 "asi_curated": [
  "ASI01"
 ],
 "asi_scope": "in_scope",
 "asi_provenance": "curated_plus_rule",
 "asi_reason": "curated: ASI01 | added ASI06 (signal=memory), ASI03 (signal=identity)",
 "submitted_by": "EAI Internal"
}