{
 "public_id": "AIR-2024-0007",
 "incident_id": "2023-12-waymo-tow-truck-double-collision-recall",
 "date_disclosed": "2024-02-13",
 "date_occurred": "2023-12-11",
 "title": "Two Waymo vehicles struck the same improperly towed pickup minutes apart, triggering Waymo's first software recall",
 "class": "safety_failure",
 "attack_surface": "autonomous_ops",
 "initial_vector": "none_autonomous_action",
 "agent_capability_abused": [
  "autonomous_driving",
  "perception",
  "world_modelling"
 ],
 "target_product": "Waymo Driver",
 "target_vendor": "Waymo (Alphabet)",
 "autonomy_level": "fully_autonomous",
 "impact_realized": true,
 "impact_type": [
  "property_damage"
 ],
 "blast_radius": "entire Waymo fleet recalled and updated between 2023-12-20 and 2024-01-12; no injuries",
 "cve": [],
 "taxonomy": {
  "owasp_asi": [
   "ASI08"
  ],
  "mitre_atlas": [],
  "labels": [
   "no_adversary",
   "perception_failure",
   "repeat_failure",
   "fleet_wide",
   "software_recall"
  ]
 },
 "defense_present": "obstacle detection",
 "defense_bypassed": true,
 "fix_shipped": "voluntary NHTSA recall; fleet-wide software update completed 2024-01-12",
 "primary_sources": [
  "https://www.theautopian.com/waymo-robotaxis-kept-running-after-two-cars-hit-same-pickup-truck-within-minutes/",
  "https://incidentdatabase.ai/cite/640"
 ],
 "verified_quote": "We chose to do this after consultation with NHTSA and our own internal review of two incidents that occurred in a rare scenario in Phoenix on December 11, 2023, which resulted in no injuries and minor vehicle damage.",
 "confidence": "high",
 "notes": "The instructive detail is that the SECOND Waymo hit the same truck minutes after the first: a shared model defect means agents do not learn from a sibling's failure in real time, so one bad world-model generalises across the fleet simultaneously. Primary source is Waymo's own recall post. AI Incident Database incident 640.",
 "risk_category": "reliability",
 "risk_secondary": [],
 "risk_subcategory": "Destructive or irreversible action",
 "risk_sub_secondary": [],
 "ai_entity": "non_generative_autonomy",
 "agency": "agent_acted",
 "agency_debatable": false,
 "agency_reason": "both Waymos drove into the towed pickup",
 "vector_family": "none_autonomous",
 "vector_detail": "none_autonomous_action",
 "guardrail_kind": [
  "physical_safety_system"
 ],
 "guardrail_outcome": "silent",
 "xrefs": {
  "aiid": [
   640
  ],
  "atlas": [],
  "cve": [],
  "ghsa": []
 },
 "primary_asi": "ASI08",
 "agent_framework": "robotaxi_stack",
 "model_provider": "none",
 "model_name": "",
 "detection_mechanism": "unknown",
 "tool_access": "unknown",
 "financial_loss_band": "unknown",
 "eai_category": "unsafe_actuation",
 "eai_domain": "agent_behaviour",
 "eai_secondary": [],
 "eai_reason": "subcategory: Destructive or irreversible action",
 "asi_curated": [],
 "asi_scope": "in_scope",
 "asi_provenance": "rule",
 "asi_reason": "ASI08 (fleet fan-out in a non-generative stack; other mechanisms out of scope)",
 "submitted_by": "EAI Internal"
}