{
 "public_id": "AIR-2023-0024",
 "incident_id": "2023-10-cruise-nhtsa-pedestrian-probe",
 "date_disclosed": "2023-10-17",
 "date_occurred": "2023-10-17",
 "title": "NHTSA opened a defect probe into ~600 Cruise driverless cars for failing to exercise caution around pedestrians and crosswalks",
 "class": "safety_failure",
 "attack_surface": "autonomous_ops",
 "initial_vector": "none_autonomous_action",
 "agent_capability_abused": [
  "autonomous_driving",
  "perception",
  "physical_actuation"
 ],
 "target_product": "Cruise autonomous vehicle fleet",
 "target_vendor": "Cruise (General Motors)",
 "autonomy_level": "fully_autonomous",
 "impact_realized": true,
 "impact_type": [
  "physical_safety"
 ],
 "blast_radius": "nearly 600 driverless vehicles under investigation; four known pedestrian incidents including one severe injury",
 "cve": [],
 "taxonomy": {
  "owasp_asi": [
   "ASI08"
  ],
  "mitre_atlas": [],
  "labels": [
   "no_adversary",
   "regulatory_investigation",
   "fleet_wide",
   "physical_world"
  ]
 },
 "defense_present": "pedestrian detection and crosswalk logic",
 "defense_bypassed": true,
 "fix_shipped": "Cruise operations suspended nationwide the following month",
 "primary_sources": [
  "https://www.wsj.com/business/autos/auto-safety-regulators-investigate-cruises-self-driving-cars-over-pedestrian-risks-e888708c?mod=hp_lead_pos5",
  "https://incidentdatabase.ai/cite/596"
 ],
 "verified_quote": "The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration said in a Tuesday filing that it had opened a safety-defect probe into nearly 600 driverless cars operated by Cruise, adding that they might not be exercising appropriate caution in crosswalks and roadways.",
 "confidence": "high",
 "notes": "Fleet-level record rather than a single crash: the regulator's finding is that the behaviour was systematic across ~600 agents, not one bad episode. Distinct from the 2023-10-02 pedestrian drag, which is recorded separately. AI Incident Database incident 596.",
 "risk_category": "safety_harm",
 "risk_secondary": [
  "legal_ip"
 ],
 "risk_subcategory": "Physical Injury by Autonomous Action",
 "risk_sub_secondary": [],
 "ai_entity": "non_generative_autonomy",
 "agency": "agent_acted",
 "agency_debatable": false,
 "agency_reason": "~600 vehicles drove without due caution around pedestrians",
 "vector_family": "none_autonomous",
 "vector_detail": "none_autonomous_action",
 "guardrail_kind": [
  "physical_safety_system"
 ],
 "guardrail_outcome": "silent",
 "xrefs": {
  "aiid": [
   596
  ],
  "atlas": [],
  "cve": [],
  "ghsa": []
 },
 "primary_asi": "ASI08",
 "agent_framework": "robotaxi_stack",
 "model_provider": "none",
 "model_name": "",
 "detection_mechanism": "unknown",
 "tool_access": "unknown",
 "financial_loss_band": "unknown",
 "eai_category": "unsafe_actuation",
 "eai_domain": "agent_behaviour",
 "eai_secondary": [],
 "eai_reason": "subcategory: Physical Injury by Autonomous Action",
 "asi_curated": [],
 "asi_scope": "in_scope",
 "asi_provenance": "rule",
 "asi_reason": "ASI08 (fleet fan-out in a non-generative stack; other mechanisms out of scope)",
 "submitted_by": "EAI Internal"
}